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THE FOURTEEN POINTS AND THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES.
One. Open covenants of peace openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind, but diplomancy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view.
Two. Absolute freedom of navigation upon theseas outside territorial waters alike in peace in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants.
Three. The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance.
Four. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety.
Five. Afree, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests og fthe populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the Government whose title is to be determined.
Six. The evacuation of all Russian territory, and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest co-operation of the other nations of the world in obtaining for her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the independent determination of her own political development and national policy, and assure her of a sincere welcome into the society of free nations under institutions of her own choosing and more than a welcome, assistance also of every kind that she may need and may herself desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their goodwill, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from their own interests, and of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy.
Seven. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of International Law is for ever impaired.
Eight. All French territory should be freed, and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, shouldbe righted in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all.
Nine. A. readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality.
Ten. The peoples of Austria-Hungary, whose place among the nations we wish to see sateguarded and assured, should be accorded the freest opportunity of autonomous develpoment.
Eleven. Rumania, Serbia and Montenegro should be evacuated, occupied territories restored, Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea, and the relations of the several Balkan States to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and natoinality, and international guarantees of the political and economic indepedence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan States should be entered into.
Twelve. The Turkish portions of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities wich are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolute unmolested opportunity of autonomous development, and the Darnanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations under international guarantees.
Thirteen. An independent Polish State should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish populations, which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea, and whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenant.
Fourteen. A general association on nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small States alike.
( Fourteen Points - Wilsonian principles. Lk.8-11)
Oxford pamphlets on word affairs Nr. 6. THE FOURTEEN POINTS AND THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES by G.M. Gathorne-Hardy. Oxford. AT THE CLARENDON PRESS. 1939
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Eesti keeles saab lќhemalt:
1)Saladiplomaatia kaotamine;
2)merede vabadus;
3) riikide vahel majanduskitsenduste kaotamine;
4)garantiid relvastuse vфhendamiseks sisejulgeoleku tarviduste tasemeni;
5)koloniaalkќsimuste lahendamine ѕiglaselt ja vastavalt asjaomase rahvastiku huvidele;
6)uue Venemaa territooriumi vabastamine ja ta sќdamlik vastuvѕtmine teiste riikide hulka;
7)Belgia neutraalsuse restitueerimine;
8)Prantsusmaale okupeeritud maa-alade ja Elsass-Lotringi tagasiandmine;
9)Itaalia piiride ѕiendamine rahvuspiirideni;
10)Austria-Ungari rahvaste autonoomne arenemine;
11)Balkani riikidele iseseisvus, Serbiale juurdepффs merele;
12)Tќrgi puutumatus, Dardanellide neutraalsus;
13)Poola iseseisvus ja juurdepффs merele garanteeritud rahvusvaheliselt;
14)ќldine rahvaste liit, mis tagaks suurtele kui vфikestele rahvastele julgeoleku ja puutumatuse.
A.Tonska. THOMAS WOODROW WILSON Rahvasteliidu isa. Eesti kirjanduse selts. Tartu 1938.a. (lk.98 Wilsoni 14 punkti.)
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Loe veel:
Treiberg Tarvel. VersaillesД rahu 1919.a. uuemate avalduste pѕhjal. Ajalooline ajakiri 1924.a.
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